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#NONSOLOCELIACHIA

La Gluten Sensitivity esiste.

Il termine di “gluten sensitivity” è nato allo scopo di differenziare un evidente disturbo medico dalla condizione di celiachia. Proposto al Consensus Conference on Gluten Sensitivity, London 11/12 Februar 2011. Ai meeting di Oslo e Monaco, nel 2012, il disturbo è stato ridefinito NCGS - Non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity. Negli anni sono numerosissimi gli studi su questo argomento che è evidenza scientifica. Veniamo a contatto ogni giorno con persone che sanno di cosa si tratta, persone con disturbi correlati al glutine pur non essendo celiaci nè allergici, eppure c'è ancora chi nega l'esistenza di questo disturbo, che altro è che una moda. Pur raccomandando di evitare diete fai da te e ancor peggio diete da seguire per moda sosteniamo con il nostro lavoro chi ha disturbi da glutine. 

Proponiamo di seguito gli studi più importanti sull'argomento:

 

 

Ludvigsson JF, Leffler DA, Bai JC, Biagi F, Fasano A, Green PH, Hadjivassiliou M, Kaukinen K, Kelly CP, Leonard JN, Lundin KE, Murray JA, Sanders DS, Walker MM, Zingone F, Ciacci C (January 2013). "The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms". Gut 62 (1): 43–52. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301346. PMC 3440559. PMID 22345659.

Sapone A, Bai JC, Ciacci C, Dolinsek J, Green PH, Hadjivassiliou M, Kaukinen K, Rostami K, Sanders DS, Schumann M, Ullrich R, Villalta D, Volta U, Catassi C, Fasano A (2012). "Spectrum of gluten-related disorders: consensus on new nomenclature and classification". BMC Medicine (Review) 10: 13. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-10-13. PMC 3292448. PMID 22313950.

Sapone A, Lammers KM, Mazzarella G, et al. (2010). "Differential mucosal IL-17 expression in two gliadin-induced disorders: gluten sensitivity and the autoimmune enteropathy celiac disease". Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. (Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural) 152 (1): 75–80. doi:10.1159/000260087. PMC 2956008. PMID 19940509.

Hadjivassiliou M, Chattopadhyay AK, Grünewald RA, et al. (April 2007). "Myopathy associated with gluten sensitivity". Muscle Nerve (Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) 35 (4): 443–50. doi:10.1002/mus.20709. PMID 17143894.

Biesiekierski JR, Peters SL, Newnham ED, Rosella O, Muir JG, Gibson PR (August 2013). "No effects of gluten in patients with self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity after dietary reduction of fermentable, poorly absorbed, short-chain carbohydrates". Gastroenterology (Randomized Controlled Trial) 145 (2): 320–8.e1–3. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.04.051. PMID 23648697.

"Gluten" def. 3. Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009

Czaja-Bulsa G (August 2014). "Non coeliac gluten sensitivity - A new disease with gluten intolerance". Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) (Review) 34: 189–194. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2014.08.012. PMID 25245857. See section 9 and Figure 2: Classification of gluten-dependent disorders.

Hadjivassiliou M, Sanders DS, Woodroofe N, Williamson C, Grünewald RA (2008). "Gluten ataxia". Cerebellum (Review) 7 (3): 494–8. doi:10.1007/s12311-008-0052-x. PMID 18787912.

Troncone R, Jabri B (June 2011). "Coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity". Journal of Internal Medicine (Review) 269 (6): 582–90. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02385.x. PMID 21481018.

Verdu EF, Armstrong D, Murray JA (June 2009). "Between celiac disease and irritable bowel syndrome: the "no man's land" of gluten sensitivity". Am. J. Gastroenterol. (Review) 104 (6): 1587–94. doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.188. PMC 3480312. PMID 19455131.

Vanga R, Leffler DA (August 2013). "Gluten sensitivity: not celiac and not certain". Gastroenterology (Comment) 145 (2): 276–9. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.06.027. PMID 23806541.

Hogg-Kollars S, Al Dulaimi D, Tait K, Rostami K (2014). "Type 1 diabetes mellitus and gluten induced disorders". Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench (Review) 7 (4): 189–97. PMC 4185872. PMID 25289132.

O'Farrelly C, O'Mahony C, Graeme-Cook F, Feighery C, McCartan BE, Weir DG (1991). "Gliadin antibodies identify gluten-sensitive oral ulceration in the absence of villous atrophy". J. Oral Pathol. Med. 20 (10): 476–8. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00407.x. PMID 1753350.

Ringvold A, Overgaard RG (1995). "Increased IgA antibodies to gluten and gliadin in serum of persons with ocular pseudo-exfoliation". Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica (Comparative Study) 73 (2): 171–2. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1995.tb00662.x. PMID 7656149.

Lidén M, Kristjánsson G, Valtýsdóttir S, Hällgren R (2007). "Gluten sensitivity in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. (Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) 42 (8): 962–7. doi:10.1080/00365520701195345. PMID 17613926.

Korn, Danna. Living gluten-free for dummies. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Pub., 2006. 14, 27-31. Print.

Jump up ^ Nijeboer P, Bontkes HJ, Mulder CJ, Bouma G (December 2013). "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Is it in the gluten or the grain?". Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases : JGLD (Review) 22 (4): 435–40. PMID 24369326.

Genuis S, Lobo RA (2014). "Gluten Sensitivity Presenting as a Neuropsychiatric Disorder". Gastroenterology Research and Practice (Review) 2014: 1–6. doi:10.1155/2014/293206. ISSN 1687-6121. PMID 24693281.

Vilppula A, Collin P, Mäki M, et al. (October 2008). "Undetected coeliac disease in the elderly: a biopsy-proven population-based study". Dig Liver Dis (Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) 40 (10): 809–13. doi:10.1016/j.dld.2008.03.013. PMID 18467196.

Volta U, Caio G, Tovoli F, De Giorgio R (September 2013). "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: questions still to be answered despite increasing awareness". Cellular & Molecular Immunology (Review) 10 (5): 383–92. doi:10.1038/cmi.2013.28. PMC 4003198. PMID 23934026.

Biesiekierski, Jessica R; et al. (March 2011). "Gluten Causes Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Subjects Without Celiac Disease: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial". Am J Gastroenterol (Controlled Clinical Trial) 106 (3): 508–514. doi:10.1038/ajg.2010.487. PMID 21224837.

Jump up ^ van Heel DA, West J (July 2006). "Recent advances in coeliac disease". Gut (Review) 55 (7): 1037–46. doi:10.1136/gut.2005.075119. PMC 1856316. PMID 16766754.

Catassi C, Bai J, Bonaz B, Bouma G, Calabrò A, Carroccio A, Castillejo G, Ciacci C, Cristofori F, Dolinsek J, Francavilla R, Elli L, Green P, Holtmeier W, Koehler P, Koletzko S, Meinhold C, Sanders D, Schumann M, Schuppan D, Ullrich R, Vécsei A, Volta U, Zevallos V, Sapone A, Fasano A (2013). "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: the new frontier of gluten related disorders". Nutrients (Review) 5 (10): 3839–3853. doi:10.3390/nu5103839. ISSN 2072-6643. PMID 24077239.

Bittner C, Grassau B, Frenzel K, Baur X (March 2008). "Identification of wheat gliadins as an allergen family related to baker's asthma". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) 121 (3): 744–9. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2007.09.051. PMID 18036646.

Matsuo H, Dahlström J, Tanaka A, et al. (February 2008). "Sensitivity and specificity of recombinant omega-5 gliadin-specific IgE measurement for the diagnosis of wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis". Allergy (Evaluation Studies) 63 (2): 233–6. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01504.x. PMID 18186814.

Akagawa M, Handoyo T, Ishii T, Kumazawa S, Morita N, Suyama K (August 2007). "Proteomic analysis of wheat flour allergens". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) 55 (17): 6863–70. doi:10.1021/jf070843a. PMID 17655322.

Mansueto P, Seidita A, D’Alcamo A, Carroccio A (2014). "Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: Literature Review". Journal of the American College of Nutrition (Review) 33 (1): 39–54. doi:10.1080/07315724.2014.869996. ISSN 0731-5724. PMID 24533607.

Sestak K, Fortgang I (October 2013). "Celiac and Non-Celiac Forms of Gluten Sensitivity: Shifting Paradigms of an Old Disease". British Microbiology Research Journal (Review) 3 (4): 585–589. doi:10.9734/BMRJ/2013/6083. PMC 4224078. PMID 25383340.

Anderson LA, McMillan SA, Watson RG, et al. (2007). "Malignancy and mortality in a population-based cohort of patients with coeliac disease or "gluten sensitivity"". World J. Gastroenterol. (Retrospective Studies) 13 (1): 146–51. doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i1.146. PMID 17206762.

Tonutti E, Bizzaro N (2014). "Diagnosis and classification of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity". Autoimmunity Reviews (Review) 13 (4-5): 472–6. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.043. PMID 24440147.

Lundin KEA, Alaedini A, Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity. In: Lebwohl B, Green PHR (1 November 2012). Celiac Disease, An Issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 1-4557-4735-1.

Catassi C, Fasano A (August 2010). "Celiac disease diagnosis: simple rules are better than complicated algorithms". The American Journal of Medicine (Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) 123 (8): 691–3. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.02.019. PMID 20670718.

Lamacchia C, Camarca A, Picascia S, Di Luccia A, Gianfrani C (2014). "Cereal-based gluten-free food: how to reconcile nutritional and technological properties of wheat proteins with safety for celiac disease patients". Nutrients (Review) 6 (2): 575–90. doi:10.3390/nu6020575. PMC 3942718. PMID 24481131.

Czaja-Bulsa G (August 2014). "Non coeliac gluten sensitivity - A new disease with gluten intolerance". Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) (Review) 34: 189–194. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2014.08.012. PMID 25245857. See Table 2: Characteristics of gluten-dependent disorders.

Pelkowski TD, Viera AJ (January 2014). "Celiac disease: diagnosis and management". American Family Physician 89 (2): 99–105. PMID 24444577.

Cristofori F, Arezzo F, Gentile A, Francavilla R (September 2014). "Gluten Sensitivity in Pediatrics: A Clinical Conundrum". Current Pediatrics Reports 2 (3): 204–210. doi:10.1007/s40124-014-0053-9.

Capili B, Chang M, Anastasi JK (October 2014). "A Clinical Update: Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity—Is It Really the Gluten?". The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. Special Focus: Legal Matters 10 (9). pp. 666–673.

Størsrud S, Hulthén LR, Lenner RA (July 2003). "Beneficial effects of oats in the gluten-free diet of adults with special reference to nutrient status, symptoms and subjective experiences". Br. J. Nutr. (Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) 90 (1): 101–7. doi:10.1079/BJN2003872. PMID 12844381.

Rashid, Mohsin (2007-06-08). "Guidelines for Consumption of Pure and Uncontaminated Oats by Individuals with Celiac Disease". Professional Advisory Board of Canadian Celiac Association. Retrieved 2008-08-14.

Rashid M, Butzner D, Burrows V, et al. (October 2007). "Consumption of pure oats by individuals with celiac disease: a position statement by the Canadian Celiac Association". Can. J. Gastroenterol. (Guideline) 21 (10): 649–51. PMC 2658132. PMID 17948135.

Molina-Infante J, Santolaria S, Sanders DS, Fernández-Bañares F (2015). "Systematic review: noncoeliac gluten sensitivity". Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (Review) 41 (9): 807–20. doi:10.1111/apt.13155. PMID 25753138.

"Gluten-free foodstuffs". EUR-Lex. 22 February 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2015.

"Foods for people intolerant to gluten (gluten-free foods)". European Commission. Retrieved 4 January 2015.

"The Crossed Grain Symbol". Coeliac UK. Retrieved 12 January 2015.

"Licensing the Crossed Grain symbol". Association of European Coeliac Societies (AOECS). Retrieved 12 January 2015.

Nutrients. 2015 Jun; 7(6): 4966–4977.

Published online 2015 Jun 18. doi: 10.3390/nu7064966

PMCID: PMC4488826

“Diagnosis of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS): The Salerno Experts’ Criteria”

Carlo Catassi et al.